Public Administration in Transition: Hungary Case

Abstract

This study aims to explore the impact of political regime change on public administration in Hungary. It begins by examining the key characteristics of the transition process and then delves into the role of public administration during this period, as well as its reforms in the context of European Union (EU) harmonization. The final section focuses on a detailed analysis of bureaucracy.

The transition process will be addressed by focusing on Roundtable Discussions, the shifts in the economic and social structures and in the property relations. The administrative reforms initiated during Hungary's transition process have been contentious and challenging from the early 1990s to the present. The study will trace Hungary's trajectory, from its position as a top-performing country to its subsequent decline.

While the study will primarily focus on public administration during the transition period, it will also briefly address the reforms undertaken during Hungary's EU accession period. Bureaucracy often becomes the primary target of criticism by the ruling party during periods of national decline. Leaders who believe that the absence of bureaucracy would lead to smoother governing tend to appoint like-minded individuals from their inner circles to key middle and senior management positions within the bureaucracy. However, these measures are never deemed sufficient, as bureaucracy continues to be perceived as an obstacle. Particularly during regime changes, bureaucracy is often labeled the root of nearly all problems, viewed as a symbol of the old order. Despite repeated appointments of new officials, the complaints persist.